Canadian officials expect agreements on defence, critical minerals, research and trade
For decades, Canada-EU summits took place without much fanfare. The two-day meeting opening Thursday in Montreal will be closely watched for details on how Canada and the European bloc deepen their ties.
Last month, European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen proposed “opening the door” to Canada for what she called an “associate membership” — a status that does not currently exist. The overture came after Prime Minister Carney addressed the European Parliament in Strasbourg, telling EU lawmakers that Canada and Europe were “stronger together” in the face of “geopolitical rupture.”
Carney and many EU member states welcome closer ties, but not all are on board with what to call the relationship. Germany and other nations, according to reports by multiple news outlets, successfully lobbied to remove mention of the “associate member” title from a draft statement ahead of the summit, opting instead for softer language referencing an “ever closer association.”
Germany’s ambassador to Canada, Matthias Lüttenberg, told CTV News on Tuesday that some member states were “a little surprised” by von der Leyen’s announcement. The concept of “associate membership,” he added, is not clearly understood as it pertains to Canada.
“Germany has been using the term of associate membership for something completely different, which is the relationship of the EU to Ukraine and potentially Moldova,” Lüttenberg said, referring to two countries that have been trying to join the bloc for many years. He noted that neither Canada nor the EU is seeking full membership, and that both sides want to bring Canada “as close as possible” to the bloc without membership.
On the first day of the summit, Carney and von der Leyen will gather with business leaders from Europe and Canada for a business forum. Canadian officials said they also expect agreements to be hammered out on defence, critical minerals, research and trade over the two days.
Speaking to reporters earlier this week, European officials downplayed the possibility of a major announcement on Canada’s new relationship with the EU, saying “much will be sorted in the coming months.” Officials on both sides have provided clues about what the relationship could look like, including closer business ties and allowing more students to study on either side of the Atlantic.
Canada does not plan to pay a membership fee similar to other EU nations, Canadian officials have said. Instead, it is looking at participating in different EU programmes that would benefit both Canada and member states.
“The wording is emblematic of the ambition,” said one senior Canadian official, who was granted anonymity to speak to reporters at a briefing ahead of the summit.
Since taking office last year, Carney has pushed Canada closer to Europe as his country continues to deal with an ongoing trade war with the United States, its neighbour and largest trading customer. US President Donald Trump has called the idea of Canada becoming an associate member of the EU “laughable,” and has threatened “very serious tariffs” on Europe if he considered it a “hostile act.”
Canadian officials stressed on Wednesday that the pivot to Europe is not meant to offend anybody, but rather to build on work already underway. Canada recently signed an agreement that gives its defence companies procurement access to the EU’s Security and Defence Partnership programme, and it signed a landmark energy deal with Germany in May that would see the first-ever long-term shipments of liquefied natural gas from Canada to Europe in the coming years.
Carney said earlier this week that the summit would “launch further formal discussions” between Canada and the EU on deepening ties and creating new opportunities for both sides. As for what the new relationship status will be called, the prime minister said the “nomenclature” does not matter: “What matters is the difference it will make to the lives of Canadians,” he said.