demographics

Holocaust memory fades in Germany as survivors dwindle, survey shows

• For the first time since Bielefeld University began its survey in 2018, 38.1% of German respondents said it was time to "close the book on the era of National Socialism," a share that outnumbered those with the opposing view.
• The Jewish Claims Conference projects the number of Holocaust survivors globally will fall 90% by 2040, to roughly 21,300, from today's levels.
• 12% of Germans aged 18 to 29 had never heard of the Holocaust, compared with 5% of respondents across all age groups, according to a 2025 Claims Conference study.
• Antisemitic incidents in Germany nearly doubled between 2023 and 2024, reaching the highest level ever recorded by RIAS, a network that monitors Jew-hatred.